أختام أسطوانية من تلول البقرات دراسة فنية

المؤلفون

  • قصي صبحي عباس الجميلي جامعة بغداد- كلية الآداب
  • جنان عبد الرضا عبد الحسين المشكور

الكلمات المفتاحية:

تلول، أختام

الملخص

 الختم عبارة عن قطعة صلبة من الطين اوالحجر اوالمعدن اواي مادة اخرى عضوية, وتكون الختام على نوعين منبسطة واسطوانية , ينفذ المشهد المراد بواسطة الحفر على سطح الختم بالنحت الغار بشكل معكوس وعند طبعه على الطين يظهر المشهد المنفذ بشكل   بارز وبصورة صحيحة ,وفي الغالب يحتوي الختم على ثقوب لتعليقه,ويستعمل الختم كثيرا في الحياة اليومية,فضلا عن اهميته بالدراسات الاثارية.

المراجع

-Sobhi Anwar Rashid,History of Art in Ancient Iraq,The Art of Cylinder Seals,C1,(Baghdad,1969),p.7

-Adel Naji,"The Cylinder Seals",Civilization of Iraq,Vol.4,( Baghdad,1985),p.220.

-CAD , K , p. 451 – 543 ; Halloran , J.A. , Sumerian Lexicon Dictionary Guide to the Ancient Sumerian Language , ( Los Angeles , 2006 ) , p. 146 , Abz , P. 129 ; AHW , 1 , P. 507 .

- Sobhi Anwar Rashid, 1969,p.17.

-Hala Karim Ibrahim,Religious Topics in Cylinder Seals from the Warka Period to the Neo-Sumerian Period,Unpublished Master's thesis, university of Baghdad,College of Arts,Department of Antiouities,( Baghdad,2014) p.18-19.

-Sami saeed AL-Ahmad,"Historical and Heritage of the Cylinder seals",AL-Murd,Vol 1, ( Baghdad,1981),p.301.

-Samah Ali Khalaf Mohsen,Analytical study of unpublished fleet seals from the Old Babylonian Period, Unpublished Master's thesis, university of Baghdad,College of Arts,Department of Antiouities, (Baghdad,2010),p.34-44.

- Adel Naji,1985,p.221.

-Reda Jawad AL-Hashimi,"an introduction to the study of seals in theArabian Gulf",( Baghdad,1999-2000),p.388.

- Sinai MohsenKazem Abbas aL-Waeli, Cylinder Seals discovered in Tel Aswad, Unpublished Master's thesis, university of Baghdad,College of Arts,Department of Antiouities,( Baghdad,2015) ,p.57-63.

- Sinai Mohsen Kazem Abbas aL-Waeli,Labona animals on the scenes of the seals of Mesopotamia until 539, Unpublished doctoral thesis, university of Baghdad,College of Arts,Department of Antiouities,( Baghdad,2019) ,p.20.

-Faraj Basma J, Cylinder Seals at the Iraqi Museum,p.75.

- Adel Naji,1985,p.221.

-Raya Mohsen Abdul Razzaq AL-Hajj,Dawn of Sumerian Civilization in the Light of theSeals of Warka and Jumadat Naser, Unpublished doctoral thesis, university of Baghdad,College of Arts,Department of Antiouities,( Baghdad,1998) , p.144.

-Collon , D. , 1987 , fig. 23 .

- Legrain , L., Ur Excavation , Vol. X Seal Cylinder , ( New York , 1951 ) , p. 11 , fig. 16 .

-Amiet , P., 1961 , N. 344 .

-Frankfort , H., The Ancient Near , fig . F .

- Raya Mohsen Abdul Razzaq AL-Hajj,1998,p.489,fig 480.

-Mohamed Sabri Abdel Rahim,Excavations at the Schmidt sit,Vol 52,(Baghdad ,2003-2004),p.215.

-Von Oppenheim , B.M , Tell Halaf A new Culture in Oldest Mesopotamia , ( USA , 1933 ) , p. 2 .

-Mahdi Nuri Al-Sabhan,Aesthetics of Decorative shapesin Contemporary Iraqi Ceramics , Unpublished Master Thesis,University of Basra,Faculty of Fine Arts,( Basra,2010),p.116-119.

-Ghassan Mardan,"Engineering Decorations in Ancient Sumerian Art",Journal of Mesopotamia Antiquities,No.1,(Mosul,2012),p.189.

-Porada , E., The Collection of the Pierpont Library , ( Washington , 1948 ) , Pl. 7 , Fig. 827 .

-Frankfort , H. , 1955 , OIP , p. 127 , Pl. 17 .

-Van Ess , M . and Pedde , F., 1992 , p. 127 – 133 .

-Daniel Potts de, Mesopota,ia civilization,the Physical foundation ,translated by Kazem Saad al-Din,( Baghdad, 2006),p.158.

- Raya Mohsen Abdul Razzaq AL-Hajj,1998,p.308.

- Sobhi Anwar Rashid, 1969,p28.

-Ibid,fig4:12.

- Raya Mohsen Abdul Razzaq AL-Hajj,1998,fig328.

-Ibid,p,306:319,p307:320.

- Sinai Mohsen Kazem Abbas aL-Waeli,2015,p154:fig38.

-Khazal AL-Majidi,Matun Sumer,(Jordan,1998),p.122.

-Sakes Harry,Greatness of Babylon,translated by:Amer Suleiman,(Mosul,1979),p.371.

-RLA , p. 485 .

-CAD , p. 485 : a and AHW , P. 810 ;

-Jacobson Thorclade and Others,Pre-Philosophym, ranslated by:Jabra Ibrahim Jabra,(Baghdad,1960),p.158.

-Hook , S. H., Babylonian and Assyrian Religion ( Oxford , 1962 ) , p. 15 40- Jacobsen , Th., Primitire , " Democracy in Ancient Mesopotamia " , JNES- II ,( Chicago , 1943) , P. 188 .

- Mohamed Sabri Abdel Rahim,2003-2004,p.215:16.

-Haidar farhan AL-Subhawi,Archaeological excavations at the site of Bozikh,Sumer,Vol 52(Baghdad, 2003-2004),p191,fig:28.

- Ibid,p.169.

-Ali Ahmed AL-Tamimi, the Location of Tell al-Dahab in the light of archaeological sites, Unpublished Master's thesis, university of Baghdad,College of Arts,Department of Antiouities,( Baghdad,2017),p.126-127,fig:88.

-Moller , E. ," Cylinder Seals from The Horniman Museum " , Iraq , Vol. 48 , ( London , 1986 ) Pl. II , p. 60 .

--Ali Ahmed AL-Tamimi,2017,p.82.

-Collon , D., Cylinder Seals III Isin – Larsa and Old Babylonian , Periods , ( British , 1986 ) , Pl. XXXVIII : 537.

-Abdullah AL-Sabah and others,Geology of Iraq,(Baghdad,1982),p.199.

- Daniel Potts de,2006,p.161.

- Moorey , P.R.S. , Ancient Mesopotamia Materials and Industries , (USA , 1994 ) , p. 21- 38 ; CAD , p. 274 .

التنزيلات

منشور

2022-12-18

إصدار

القسم

علم الآثار

كيفية الاقتباس

أختام أسطوانية من تلول البقرات دراسة فنية. (2022). مجلة دراسات في التاريخ والآثار, 82, 3-20. https://jcoart.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/2075-3047/article/view/225