التعديلات الدستورية في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية
الحقوق المدنية انموذجا (١٧٩١-1965) : دراسة تاريخية
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65074/v6q78y81Keywords:
الولايات المتحدة الامريكية, الدستورAbstract
هدف البحث الى دراسة التعديلات الدستورية للحقوق المدنية في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية وتحليلها، منذ اصدار دستور الولايات المتحدة 17 ايلول 1787؛ وبداية اولى التعديلات الدستورية في مرحلة الاعمار أي ما بعد الحرب الاهلية الامريكية، وصدور التعديل الخاص بحقوق التصويت للمواطنين الامريكيين، فضلا عن التعديلين الرابع عشر والخامس عشر ، والتي اسهمت في تأطير الحقوق المدنية بشكل رسمي وقانوني ، لكن تطبيقها تطلب المواجهة والصدام التي حالت دون تحقيق العدالة والمساواة المدنية بين الولايات الامريكية، ولاسيما الجنوبية التي تميزت بسياساتها العنصرية، اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج السردي التاريخي والمنهج التحليلي والمزاوجة بينهما، وتوصل البحث الى ان التعديلات الدستورية للحقوق المدنية الامريكية اصبحت الحجر الاساس لضمان الحريات والحقوق على الرغم من انها تعديلات قد شُرعت، الا انها تطلبت استمرار في النضال من قبل المتضررين من المواطنين الامريكيين للوصول الى نقطة تقبل كل الولايات لتلك التعديلات والقضاء على التميز العنصري الذي لايزال متفشي للغاية يومنا هذا.
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