سياسة الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية تجاه بليز ما بعد الاستقلال (1981-1993)

(1) Alan L.McPhereson, Intimate Ties, Bitter Struggles: The United States and Latin America Since 1945, Potomac Books Inc, 2006, P. 2.

(2) Eric M. Rowe, No One Cared About British Honduras: Cold War US Policy Toward Decolonization in British Honduras and British Guiana, A thesis submitted to Sonoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History, 2014 , P. 2 .

(3) Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: John F. Kennedy,1961, Guatemala’s response to President Kennedy’s speech setting forth the Alliance for Progress,31 May ,1961 , P. 3.

(4) Ralph Lee Woodw Ard, Jr; compiler Edited by Sheilar. Herstein, Belize, Biblio Graphical series, Vol 21, Library public Boston, Kahle Austin Foundation, 2017, P. 21

(5) Haley Porter, Multiple Faceed Needs Assessment of the Belizean Agriculture industry, Master Thesis, Submitted to the Graduate Faculty Of Texas Tech University,2013, PP. 5-

(6) ) Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: John F. Kennedy, Op. Cit., 31 May,1961

(7) محمود أنس العلي ، الحرب الباردة بين القوى العظمى: فترة ما بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية ، الجنادرية للنشر والتوزيع ، عمان ، 2016؛ روبرت جيه ماكمان ، الحرب الباردة: مقدمة قصيرة جدًّا ، ترجمة: محمد فتحي خضر، القاهرة، مؤسسة هنداوي للطباعة ، ٢٠١٤.

(8) رؤساء الولايات المتحدة الأميركية منذ 1789 حتى اليوم، دار الحكمة، لندن، 2006، ص 244 – 250 .

(9) ) Christopher Hickman, U. S. Fact Book, Bargain Book Stores Publisher, New York, 2006,.

(10) F .O.,371,S82, Confidential , Washington telegram No. 590 to Foreign Office, 1965, P. 65.

(11) F. R. U. S.,( 1964–1968) VOL XXXI South and Central America; Mexico Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Vaughn) to the Under Secretary of State (Ball)1,DCM, U.S. Position on Mediation Request in British Honduras Dispute, Washington, July 22, 1965, P.189.

(12) سرى أسعد عبد الكريم الجباوي، ليندون جونسون ودوره السياسي في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية ( 1937- 1969)، رسالة ماجستير، كلية التربية للعلوم الإنسانية – جامعة بابل، 2015.

(13) William David Setzekorn, Formerly British Honduras : a profile of the new nation of Belize, Publisher Chicago ; Athens, Ohio : Ohio University Press,1981, P. 226.

(14) Ryan Médez Munduate, AnÁlisis DepolÍtica Exterior De PaÍses PeQueÑos ; el Caso De Belice, PhD thesis, Facultad Latino Americana De Ciencias Sociales, Ecuador, 2012, PP.37-38.

(15) Ash Rossiter, Getting Out of Belize: Britain’s Intractable Military Exit from Central America, Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Issue 4, Vol 46, 4 Jul 2018,

(16) Reynaldo Chi Aguilar, George Cadle Price y la consolidación de una nación, Centro de Estudios Universitarios, Anuario de Estudios Centroamericanos, vol. 46, México,2020 .

(17) F. R. U. S. ,( 1973–1976) Volume E–11, Part 1, No. 198 , Telegram 3587 From the Mission to the United Nations to the Department of State, New York, August 7, 1975, P.134.

(18) F. R. U. S. ,( 1977–1980) Volume XV, No. 34 , Memorandum From Robert Pastor of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski), Washington, January 28, 1978, P. 64.

(19) F. R. U. S. ,( 1977–1980) Volume XV, No. 34 , Telegram From the Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Department of State, London, July 6, 1979, P.97.

(20) F. R. U. S. ,( 1977–1980) Volume XV, No. 34 , Telegram From the Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Department of State, London, July 6, 1979, P. 98.

(21) F. R. U. S. ,( 1977–1980) Volume XV, No. 57 , Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Bowdler) and the Assistant Secretary of State for International Organizations Affairs (McCall) to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Newsom), Washington, October 28, 1980,

(22) F. R. U. S. ,( 1977–1980) Volume XV, No. 57 , Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Guatemala, Washington, October 24, 1980, PP. 159 - 160.

(23) F. R. U. S. ,( 1980–1981) Volume XIII, No. 55 , Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate in Belize City and Multiple Diplomatic Posts, Washington, January 24, 1981.

(24) F. R. U. S. ,( 1980–1988) Volume XIII, No. 55 , Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate in Belize City and Multiple Diplomatic Posts, Washington, January24, 1981.

(25) F. R. U. S. ,( 1980–1988) Volume XIII, No. 37 , Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom, Washington, February16, 1981.

(26) F. R. U. S. ,( 1980–1988) Volume XIII, No. 40 , Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate in Belize City, Washington, May 8, 1981.

(27) John G. Marshall, U.S. Intervention in Latin America: An Evolving Policy, or a Quest for Supremacy, Claremont McKenna College, 2016.

(28) Gustavo Adolfo Orellana Portillo , Background and study of the Special Agreement between Guatemala and Belize to submit Guatemala's territory, international and maritime claims to the International Court of Justice, 2010.

(29) F .C. O.,371, S82, Narcotics Control & AIDS Department , No. 916 , Foreign Office, 30 May, 1991.

(30) Tim Merrill, Guyana and Belize country studies , Federal Research Division Library of Congress, 1993.

(31) National Security Strategy of Belize, Executive Summary National Security Architecture, 2018 .

(32) Crucita Ken, Belize’s Northern Region; Its Economic Performance in the post-independence period, Universidad de Quintana Roo, 2008.

(33) Karla Lewis, Colonial Education: A History of Education in Belize, Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association , New Orleans, 2000.

(34) FOC,99/1389 Belize / US Political Relations, FILE No. ACZ 020/8, Belize: Caribbean Basin Initiative (CB1), BRITISH HIGH Commission Belmopan, 6 December 1982.

(35) Document of the World Bank, Report No. 10403-BEL, Belize Country Economic Memorandum Caribbean Division Country Department III Latin America and the Caribbean Region, April 14, 1992.

(36) Ryan Méndez Mendt, , Analisis de la PolitIca Exterior De Paises Pequenos: El Caso De Belice, Tesis, Facultad Latino Americana De Ciencias Sociales Sede Ecuador,2012.

(37) F.U.R.S, A Guide to the United States’ History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize,Establishment of Diplomatic Relations and the American Embassy in Belize, 1981.

(38) Alan L.McPhereson, Intimate Ties, Bitter Struggles: The United States and Latin America Since 1945, Potomac Books Inc, 2006, P. 2.

(39) Eric M. Rowe, No One Cared About British Honduras: Cold War US Policy Toward Decolonization in British Honduras and British Guiana, A thesis submitted to Sonoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History, 2014 , P. 2 .

(40) Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: John F. Kennedy,1961, Guatemala’s response to President Kennedy’s speech setting forth the Alliance for Progress,31 May ,1961 , P. 3.

(41) Ralph Lee Woodw Ard, Jr; compiler Edited by Sheilar. Herstein, Belize, Biblio Graphical series, Vol 21, Library public Boston, Kahle Austin Foundation, 2017, P. 21

(42) Haley Porter, Multiple Faceed Needs Assessment of the Belizean Agriculture industry, Master Thesis, Submitted to the Graduate Faculty Of Texas Tech University,2013, PP. 5-

(43) Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: John F. Kennedy, Op. Cit., 31 May,1961

(44) محمود أنس العلي ، الحرب الباردة بين القوى العظمى: فترة ما بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية ، الجنادرية للنشر والتوزيع ، عمان ، 2016؛ روبرت جيه ماكمان ، الحرب الباردة: مقدمة قصيرة جدًّا ، ترجمة: محمد فتحي خضر، القاهرة، مؤسسة هنداوي للطباعة ، ٢٠١٤.

(45) رؤساء الولايات المتحدة الأميركية منذ 1789 حتى اليوم، دار الحكمة، لندن، 2006، ص 244 – 250 .

(46) Christopher Hickman, U. S. Fact Book, Bargain Book Stores Publisher, New York, 2006,.

(47) F .O.,371,S82, Confidential , Washington telegram No. 590 to Foreign Office, 1965, P. 65.

(48) F. R. U. S.,( 1964–1968) VOL XXXI South and Central America; Mexico Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Vaughn) to the Under Secretary of State (Ball)1,DCM, U.S. Position on Mediation Request in British Honduras Dispute, Washington, July 22, 1965, P.189.

(49) سرى أسعد عبد الكريم الجباوي، ليندون جونسون ودوره السياسي في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية ( 1937- 1969، رسالة ماجستير، كلية التربية للعلوم الإنسانية – جامعة بابل، 2015.

(50) William David Setzekorn, Formerly British Honduras : a profile of the new nation of Belize, Publisher Chicago ; Athens, Ohio : Ohio University Press,1981, P. 226.

(51) Ryan Médez Munduate, AnÁlisis DepolÍtica Exterior De PaÍses PeQueÑos ; el Caso De Belice, PhD thesis, Facultad Latino Americana De Ciencias Sociales, Ecuador, 2012, PP.37-38.

(52) Ash Rossiter, Getting Out of Belize: Britain’s Intractable Military Exit from Central America, Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Issue 4, Vol 46, 4 Jul 2018,

(53) Reynaldo Chi Aguilar, George Cadle Price y la consolidación de una nación, Centro de Estudios Universitarios, Anuario de Estudios Centroamericanos, vol. 46, México,2020 .

(54) F. R. U. S. ,( 1973–1976) Volume E–11, Part 1, No. 198 , Telegram 3587 From the Mission to the United Nations to the Department of State, New York, August 7, 1975, P.134.

(55) F. R. U. S. ,( 1977–1980) Volume XV, No. 34 , Memorandum From Robert Pastor of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski), Washington, January 28, 1978, P. 64.

(56) F. R. U. S. ,( 1977–1980) Volume XV, No. 34 , Telegram From the Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Department of State, London, July 6, 1979, P.97.

(57) F. R. U. S. ,( 1977–1980) Volume XV, No. 34 , Telegram From the Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Department of State, London, July 6, 1979, P. 98.

(58) F. R. U. S. ,( 1977–1980) Volume XV, No. 57 , Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Bowdler) and the Assistant Secretary of State for International Organizations Affairs (McCall) to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Newsom), Washington, October 28, 1980,

(59) F. R. U. S. ,( 1977–1980) Volume XV, No. 57 , Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Guatemala, Washington, October 24, 1980, PP. 159 - 160.

(60) F. R. U. S. ,( 1980–1981) Volume XIII, No. 55 , Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate in Belize City and Multiple Diplomatic Posts, Washington, January 24, 1981.

(61) F. R. U. S. ,( 1980–1988) Volume XIII, No. 55 , Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate in Belize City and Multiple Diplomatic Posts, Washington, January24, 1981.

(62) F. R. U. S. ,( 1980–1988) Volume XIII, No. 37 , Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom, Washington, February16, 1981.

(63) F. R. U. S. ,( 1980–1988) Volume XIII, No. 40 , Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate in Belize City, Washington, May 8, 1981.

(64) John G. Marshall, U.S. Intervention in Latin America: An Evolving Policy, or a Quest for Supremacy, Claremont McKenna College, 2016.

(65) Gustavo Adolfo Orellana Portillo , Background and study of the Special Agreement between Guatemala and Belize to submit Guatemala's territory, international and maritime claims to the International Court of Justice, 2010.

(66) F .C. O.,371, S82, Narcotics Control & AIDS Department , No. 916 , Foreign Office, 30 May, 1991.

(67) Tim Merrill, Guyana and Belize country studies , Federal Research Division Library of Congress, 1993.

(68) National Security Strategy of Belize, Executive Summary National Security Architecture, 2018 .

(69) Crucita Ken, Belize’s Northern Region; Its Economic Performance in the post-independence period, Universidad de Quintana Roo, 2008.

(70) Karla Lewis, Colonial Education: A History of Education in Belize, Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association , New Orleans, 2000.

(71) FOC,99/1389 Belize / US Political Relations, FILE No. ACZ 020/8, Belize: Caribbean Basin Initiative (CB1), BRITISH HIGH Commission Belmopan, 6 December 1982.

(72) Document of the World Bank, Report No. 10403-BEL, Belize Country Economic Memorandum Caribbean Division Country Department III Latin America and the Caribbean Region, April 14, 1992.

(73) Ryan Méndez Mendt, , Analisis de la PolitIca Exterior De Paises Pequenos: El Caso De Belice, Tesis, Facultad Latino Americana De Ciencias Sociales Sede Ecuador,2012.

(74) F.U.R.S, A Guide to the United States’ History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize,Establishment of Diplomatic Relations and the American Embassy in Belize, 1981.

(75) Joanna Moss,The Lome Conventions and their Implications for the United State, Routledge , New York,2019.