الرواة تعريفهم وعدالتهم
Abstract
تعريف الراوي :
استخدم مصنفو الكتب الرجالية ـ ومنهم مصنفو الفهارس ـ مفردة الراوي كثيرا ، وفيما يأتي تعريف بالمعنى اللغوي و الاصطلاحي للمفردة :
أولا : المعنى اللغوي :
الراوي هو الرجل المستقي " يقال : رويت القوم أرويهم إذا استقيت لهم ، ... ورويت على الراوية أروي ، فأنا راو " ([i]) ولا فرق بين أن يستقي الإنسان لأهله وبين أن يمتهن السقاية للغير ، قيل في الأولى : " ورويت على أهلي ولأهلي إذا أتيتهم بالماء " ([ii]) ، وقيل في الأخرى : " ورجل رواء إذا كان الاستقاء من صناعة "([iii])
وأطلق علماء العربية لقب( الراوي )على من يروي الحديث النبوي الشريف والشعر ، فضلا عن رواية الماء ، يقال : " وروي
([i]) ابن منظور ، لسان العرب ج14 ص347 .
([ii]) الجوهري ،إسماعيل بن حماد (ت393ه)، تاج اللغة وصحاح العربية ( الصحاح) تح:أحمد عبد الغفور عطا (بيروت ،دار العلم للملايين ،1987م) ج6 ص2364 ؛ ابن منظور ، لسان العرب ج14 ص348 .
([iii]) ابن منظور ، لسان العرب ج14 ص346 ؛ الزبيدي ، تاج العروس ج19 ص484 .
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