Mansour Al-Amiri In light of Arnold Toynbee's challenge-response theory 371-392 AH / 981-1002 AD

Abstract

The research sheds light on the importance of the creative personality in the conduct of historical events and changing the approach of the ruling state and the possibility of confronting and addressing all internal and external challenges, starting from the establishment and leading to the establishment and continuity of civilization. In the light of the challenge and response theory of the philosopher Arnold Toynbee, dealing in the research with the concept of challenge and response in language and terminology as well as the Holy Qur’an leading to dealing with the theory of its owner, then the research dealt in the first topic with the emergence of Mansour Al-Amiri in light of the various challenges and his use of various methods for the purpose of confrontation and continuing to achieve Goals and desires to reach in order to move to the internal and external challenges prior to accession to power as well as the methods of government during the term of government and ways to respond to them.