المصالح الامريكية في بحر الصين الجنوبي

قراءة تاريخية بين حرية الملاحة وموازنة النفوذ الصيني 1948-2015

المؤلفون

  • م.د مريم عبدعلي حمدان الجامعة المستنصرية /العراق كلية التربية الاساسية / قسم التاريخ

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65074/c6e9jw70

الكلمات المفتاحية:

بحر الصين الجنوبي, الولايات المتحدة , الملاحة ,الصين

الملخص

يتميز تاريخ بحر الصين الجنوبي بتفاعلات مُعقدة بين التجارة البحرية والمطالبات الإقليمية والتوترات الدولية، مما أثر بشكل كبير على العلاقات الدولية. وباعتباره طريقًا بحريًا حيويًا شهدت ما بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية تصاعدًا في التوترات بشأن المطالبات البحرية، شملت بشكل رئيسي الصين وفيتنام والفلبين والعديد من دول جنوب شرق آسيا, وقد أصدرت جمهورية الصين الشعبية "خط النقاط التسع"، الذي أدعت فيه بمطالبات واسعة النطاق على بحر الصين الجنوبي، وكانت هذه المطالبات نقطة خلاف دولي, وشكّل بحر الصين الجنوبي بؤرة توتر بين الولايات المتحدة الامريكية والصين، واتخذت الولايات المتحدة موقفًا أكثر حزمًا تجاه مطالبات الصين وأنشطتها في المنطقة وأكدت على حرية الملاحة والتحليق في المياه الدولية، بما في ذلك زيادة العمليات البحرية في بحر الصين الجنوبي لتحدي مطالبات الصين الإقليمية التوسعية.

المراجع

الوثائق الانكليزية المنشورة :

- CNOOC: “Notification of Part of Open Blocks in Waters under Jurisdiction of the People’s Republic of China Available for Foreign Cooperation in the Year of 2012”. (2012). Retrieved from http://en.cnooc.com.cn/data/html/news/2012-06-.

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الكتب الانكليزية :

- Ainslie T. Embree. (1997). Carol Gluck” in Asia in Western and World History. (Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, .

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- the PRC Ministry of Foreign Affairs:. (1980). “China’s Indisputable Sovereignty over the Xisha and Nansha Islands. Beijing Review, n° 7, 18 February 1980; Historical Evidence To Support China's Sovereignty over Nansha Islands”; http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/topic”,s/, pp. 1-2.

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البحوث الانكليزية المنشورة :

- BEHRENDT, P. (27 April 2020, ). ,THE SOUTH CHINA SEA: FROM COLONIALISM TO THE COLD WAR WRITTEN ,. Retrieved from https://www.9dashline.com/article/the-south-china-sea-in-the-cold-war.

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- Xue Li and Xu Yanzhuo. (, August 4,). “How the US Misjudged the South China Sea, Part I,” The Diplomat, August 4,. Dangdai Yatai,vol,12, no. 3.

المقالات الانكليزية المنشورة :

- Greg Torode. (Sep 23, 2011.). “Beijing pressureintense in South China Sea row”. ”, South China Morning Post,, 22.

- Odom, J. G. (2012). Notification of Part of Open Blocks in Waters under Jurisdiction of the People’s Republic of China Available for Foreign Cooperation in the Year of 2012”. . http://en.cnooc.com.cn/data/html/news/2012-06-.

- PAWEL BEHRENDT, B. (WRITTEN 27 April2020). THE SOUTH CHINA SEA: FROM COLONIALISM TO THE COLD WAR,RegisteredinEnglandandWales:https://www.9dashline.com/article/the-south-china-sea-in-the-cold-war.

- PAWEL BEHRENDT, P. (2020). The South China Sea: From Colonialism to the Cold War,WRITTEN BY 27 April 2020, . https://www.9dashline.com/article/the-south-china-sea-in-the-cold-wa.

- SABRINA MOLES. ( 7 December 2022,). SOUTH CHINA SEA: ANENVIRONMENTAL TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS, . https://www.9dashline.com/article/south-china-sea-an-environmental-tragedy-of-the-commons.

- Storey, I. (April 29, 2010). , China’s “Charm Offensive” Loses Momentum in Southeast Asia,, . China Brief Volume: 10 ,p.21,Issue: 9. http://www.jamestown.org/single/?

- White House, . (September 2005). The National Strategy for Maritime Security . Retrieved from,http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/HSPD13_MaritimeSecurityStrategy.pdf.

الاوراق البحثية المنشورة :

- Ang Cheng Guan. (,Working Paper No. 4, August 1999,). “The South China Sea Dispute Re-visited,”. Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies.

التنزيلات

منشور

2026-03-31

إصدار

القسم

علم التاريخ

كيفية الاقتباس

المصالح الامريكية في بحر الصين الجنوبي: قراءة تاريخية بين حرية الملاحة وموازنة النفوذ الصيني 1948-2015. (2026). مجلة دراسات في التاريخ والآثار, 1(100), 273-312. https://doi.org/10.65074/c6e9jw70

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