“The Lands of Western Sudan According to the Book Al ـ Mughrib Fi Dhikr Bilad Lfriqiya Wal ـ Maghrib by Abu Ubayd Al ـ Bakri (D487AH 1094 AD )”. Journal of Studies in History and Archeology, no. 97 (June 30, 2025): 830–857. Accessed July 14, 2025. https://jcoart.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/2075-3047/article/view/1292.