“Mansour Al-Amiri In light of Arnold Toynbee’s challenge-response theory 371-392 AH / 981-1002 AD” (2023) Journal of Studies in History and Archeology, (86), pp. 187–220. Available at: https://jcoart.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/2075-3047/article/view/615 (Accessed: 22 December 2024).